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ASTM B909-17
Standard Guide for Plane Strain Fracture Toughness Testing of Non-Stress Relieved Aluminum Products
4 стр.
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Разработчик:
Зарубежные/ASTM
ICS:
77.150.99 Other products of non-ferrous metals / Продукция из цветных металлов прочая
Сборник (ASTM):
02.02 Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys / Алюминий и магниевые сплавы
Тематика:
Other Nonferrous Metals
Описание
Значение и использование

4.1 The property KIc, determined by Test Method E399 or ISO 12737, characterizes a material's resistance to fracture in a neutral environment and in the presence of a sharp crack subjected to an applied opening force or moment within a field of high constraint to lateral plastic flow (plane strain condition). A KIc value is considered to be a lower limiting value of fracture toughness associated with the plane strain state.

4.1.1 Thermal quenching processes used with precipitation hardened aluminum alloy products can introduce significant residual stresses in the product. Mechanical stress relief procedures (stretching, compression) are commonly used to relieve these residual stresses in products with simple shapes. However, in the case of mill products with thick cross-sections (for example, heavy gage plate or large hand forgings) or complex shapes (for example, closed die forgings, complex open die forgings, stepped extrusions, castings), complete mechanical stress relief is not always possible. In other instances residual stresses may be unintentionally introduced into a product during fabrication operations such as straightening, forming, or welding operations.

4.1.2 Specimens taken from such products that contain residual stress will likewise themselves contain residual stress. While the act of specimen extraction in itself partially relieves and redistributes the pattern of original stress, the remaining magnitude can still be appreciable enough to cause significant error in the ensuing test result.

4.1.3 Residual stress is superimposed on the applied stress and results in an actual crack-tip stress intensity that is different from that based solely on externally applied forces or displacements.

4.1.4 Tests that utilize deep edge-notched specimens such as the compact tension C(T) are particularly sensitive to distortion during specimen machining when influential residual stress is present. In general, for those cases where such residual stresses are thermal quench induced, the resulting KIc or KQ result is typically biased upward (that is, KQ is higher than that which would have been achieved in a residual stress free specimen). The inflated values result from the combination of specimen distortion and bending moments caused by the redistribution of residual stress during specimen machining and excessive fatigue precrack from curvature5.

4.2 This guide can serve the following purposes:

4.2.1 Provide warning signs that the measured value of KIc has been biased by residual stresses and may not be a lower limit value of fracture toughness.

4.2.2 Provide experimental methods by which to minimize the effect of residual stress on measured fracture toughness values.

4.2.3 Suggest methods that can be used to correct residual stress influenced values of fracture toughness to values that approximate a fracture toughness value representative of a test performed without residual stress bias.

Область применения

1.1 This guide covers supplementary guidelines for plane-strain fracture toughness testing of aluminum products for which complete stress relief is not practicable. Guidelines for recognizing when residual stresses may be significantly biasing test results are presented, as well as methods for minimizing the effects of residual stress during testing. This guide also provides guidelines for correction and interpretation of data produced during the testing of these products. Test Method E399 is the standard test method to be used for plane-strain fracture toughness testing of aluminum alloys.

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Ключевые слова:
aluminum; aluminum alloys; aluminum products; fracture toughness; residual stress;