This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) designed for wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. HIPAC are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems applied as continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors, and would not ordinarily be used in homes. The types of resin ordinarily used are epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, twopackage; and polyurethane, one-package or two-package. Practical requirements for HIPAC vary with substrate type and climate conditions. The tests for measuring the properties enumerated below are detailed. Liquid coating properties include: (1) skinning, (2) condition in container, (3) coarse particles and foreign matter, (4) density or weight per gallon, (5) fineness of dispersion, (6) odor, (7) flash point, (8) dilution stability, (9) volatile content, (10) free diisocyanate content, and (11) package stability. Coating application and film formation properties include: (1) brush, roller, and spray application properties, (2) rheological properties, (3) curing, (4) wet-film thickness, and (5) touch-up uniformity. Dry coating appearance includes: (1) color difference, (2) directional reference, (3) gloss, (4) hiding power, and (5) yellowness index. Dry coating properties include: (1) abrasion resistance, (2) adhesion, (3) impact resistance, (4) chemical resistance, (5) washability and cleansability, (6) mildew resistance, (7) perspiration resistance, (8) heat and cold resistance, (9) heat and humidity resistance, (10) fire hazards, and (11) dry-film thickness.
Область применения1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) that differ from more conventional coatings by being tougher, more stain-resistant, more abrasion-resistant and, ordinarily, designed to be applied to wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. The tests that are listed in Table 1 and Table 2 are designed to measure performance properties. These tests may not all be required for each HIPAC system. Selection of the test methods to be followed must be governed by experience and the requirements in each individual case, together with agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
1.2 High-performance architectural coatings are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems that are applied as a continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. The finish can be high gloss, semigloss, or low gloss as desired. These coatings are resistant to persistent heat, humidity, abrasion, staining, chemicals, and fungus growth. They are used in areas where humidity, wear, or unusual chemical resistance requirements, particularly to soiling, are required and where strong detergents are used to maintain sanitary conditions. Halls and stairways in public buildings, lavatories, stall showers, locker areas, animal pens, and biological laboratories are typical applications. In addition, food processing plants, dairies, restaurants, schools, and transport terminals frequently use HIPAC systems. These are effective in many areas of building interiors compared with tile and are of low materials and maintenance costs. They are used as a complete system only as recommended by the manufacturer since the individual coats in a system are formulated to be compatible with each other. HIPAC systems should be applied only to properly prepared surfaces such as steel or masonry, including cinder blocks and cement blocks. They can be applied over plaster and gypsum wallboard. Ordinarily, a prime or fill coat, if required, is part of the system.
1.3 While they are excellent for walls, HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors. They would not ordinarily be used in homes, although parents with small children might want to use HIPAC coatings on some walls.
1.4 The types of resin ordinarily used are the following: epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, two-package; polyurethane, one-package or two-package. However, other resin types are not excluded provided they can meet the requirements (performance specifications) laid down by the purchaser.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
TABLE 1 List of Standards in Sectional Order
| Property | Section | ASTM | Federal |
| Sampling: | 5.2 | D3925 | ... |
| Liquid Paint Properties: |
|
|
|
| Skinning | 7.1 | D154 |
|
| Condition in container | 7.2 | ... | 3011 |
| Coarse particles and foreign matter | 7.3 | D185 |
|
| Density or weight per gallon | 7.4 | D1475 |
|
| Fineness of dispersion | 7.5 | D1210 |
|
| Flash point | 7.7 | D93, D3278 |
|
| Dilution stability | 7.8 | ... | 4203 |
| Volatile content | 7.9 | D2369 | ... |
| Free diisocyanate content | 7.10 | D3432 | ... |
| Package stability | 7.11 |
|
|
| Heat stability | 7.11.1 | D1849 |
|
| Settling | 7.11.2 | D869 |
|
| Color Acceptance | 7.12 | D5326 |
|
| Coating Application and Film Formation: |
|
|
|
| Application properties | 8.1 | ... | 4541 |
| Brush application | 8.1.1 | ... | 2141 |
| Brush drag | 8.1.1.1 | D4958 | ... |
| Roller application | 8.1.2 | ... | 2112 |
| Roller spatter | 8.1.2.1 | D4707 | ... |
| Spray application | 8.1.3 | ... | 2131 |
| Open time | 8.1.4 | D7488 |
|
| Rheological properties | 8.2 | ... | ... |
| Consistency (low-shear viscosity) | 8.2.1 | D562 | ... |
| Rheological properties of non-Newtonian liquids | 8.2.2 | D2196, D4287 | ... |
| Sag resistance | 8.2.3 | D4400 | ... |
| Leveling properties | 8.2.4 | D4062 | ... |
| Curing properties | 8.3 | ... | ... |
| Wet-film thickness | 8.4 | D1212 | ... |
| Touch-up uniformity | 8.5 | D3928, D7489 |
|
| Low Temperature Coalescence | 8.6 | D3793, D7306 |
|
| Enamel holdout | 8.7 | D7786 |
|
| Appearance of Dry Coating: |
|
|
|
| Color appearance | 9.1.1 | ... | ... |
| Color differences by visual comparison | 9.1.2 | D1729 | ... |
| Color differences using instrumental | 9.1.3 | D2244 | ... |
| Directional reflectance | 9.2 | E1347 | ... |
| Gloss, 60° | 9.3 | D523 | ... |
| Hiding power | 9.4 | D344, D2805, D5150 | ... |
| Yellowness index | 9.5 | E313 |
|
| Properties of Dry Film: |
|
|
|
| Abrasion resistance | 10.1 | D4060 | ... |
| Adhesion | 10.2 | D4541 | ... |
| Wet Adhesion | 10.2.1 | D6900 | 6301 |
| Impact resistance | 10.3 | D2794 | ... |
| Chemical resistance | 10.4 | D1308 | ... |
| Washability and cleansability | 10.5 | ... | ... |
| Washability | 10.5.1 | D2486, D4213 | ... |
| Cleansability | 10.5.2 | D3450, D4828 | ... |
| Stainblocking | 10.6 | D7514 |
|
| Mildew resistance | 10.7 | D3273 | ... |
| Perspiration resistance | 10.8 | ... | ... |
| Heat and cold resistance | 10.9 | D1211 | ... |
| Heat and humidity resistance | 10.10 | D2247 | ... |
| Fire hazards | 10.11 | E84 |
|
| Dry-film thickness | 10.12 | D1005, D1186, D1400 |
|
| Burnish Resistance | 10.13 | D6736 |
|
TABLE 2 Alphabetical List of Test Methods
| Test Method | Section | ASTM | Federal Test |
| Abrasion resistance | 10.1 | D4060 |
|
| Adhesion | 10.2 | D4541 | ... |
| Application properties | 8.1 | ... | 4541 |
| Brush application | 8.1.1 | ... | 2141 |
| Brush drag | 8.1.1.1 | D4958 | ... |
| Burnish Resistance | 10.13 | D6736 |
|
| Chemical resistance | 10.4 | D1308A | ... |
| Cleansability | 10.5.2 | D3450, D4828 | ... |
| Coarse particles and foreign matter | 7.3 | D185 |
|
| Color Acceptance | 7.12 | D5326 |
|
| Color appearance | 9.1.1 | ... | ... |
| Color differences by visual comparison | 9.1.2 | D1729 | ... |
| Color differences using instrumental | 9.1.3 | D2244 | ... |
| Condition in container | 7.2 | ... | 3011 |
| Consistency (low-shear viscosity) | 8.2.1 | D562 | ... |
| Curing properties | 8.3 | ... | ... |
| Density or weight per gallon | 7.4 | D1475 | ... |
| Dilution stability | 7.8 | ... | 4203 |
| Directional reflectance | 8.2 | E1347 | ... |
| Dry-film thickness | 10.12 | D1005, D1186, D1400 | ... |
| Enamel holdout | 8.7 | D7786 |
|
| Fineness of dispersion | 7.5 | D1210 | ... |
| Fire hazards | 10.11 | E84 |
|
| Flash point | 7.7 | D93, D3278 | ... |
| Free diisocyanate content | 7.10 | D3432 |
|
| Gloss (60-deg specular) | 9.3 | D523 |
|
| Heat and cold resistance | 10.9 | D1211A | ... |
| Heat and humidity resistance | 10.10 | D2247A | ... |
| Heat stability | 7.11.1 | D1849 |
|
| Hiding power | 9.4 | D344, D2805, D5150 | ... |
| Impact resistance | 10.3 | ... | ... |
| Leveling properties | 8.2.4 | D4062 | ... |
| Low Temperature Coalescence | 8.6 | D3793, D7306 | ... |
| Mildew resistance | 10.7 | D3273 | ... |
| Open time of latex | 8.1.4 | D7488 |
|
| Package stability | 7.11 |
|
|
| Perspiration resistance | 10.8 | ... | ... |
| Rheological properties of non-Newtonian liquids | 8.2.2 | D2196, D4287 | ... |
| Roller application | 8.1.2 | ... | 2112 |
| Roller spatter | 8.1.2.1 | D4707 | ... |
| Sag resistance | 8.2.3 | D4400 | ... |
| Sampling | 5.2 | D3925 | ... |
| Settling | 7.11.2 | D869 |
|
| Skinning | 7.1 | D154 |
|
| Spray application | 8.3 | ... | 2131 |
| Stainblocking | 10.6 | D7514 |
|
| Touch-up uniformity | 8.5 | D3928, D7489 |
|
| Volatile content | 7.9 | D2369 | ... |
| Washability | 10.5.1 | D2486, D4213 | ... |
| Wet Adhesion | 10.2.1 | D6900 | 6301 |
| Wet-film thickness | 8.4 | D1212 | ... |
| Yellowness index | 9.5 | E313 |
|
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see the note in 7.6.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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