4.1 When waterborne inks and ink vehicles are shipped during cold weather, these materials may experience cycles of freezing and thawing. This can damage the material rendering it unusable.

4.2 Cycles of freezing and thawing can cause more damage to waterborne inks or ink vehicles than when the inks or ink vehicles are subjected to steady freezing.

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the effect of freeze-thaw cycling on the properties of water-based inks and ink vehicles.

1.2 This test is based on a similar standard test for coatings; Test Method D2243.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.