There are four basic steps necessary to obtain meaningful analytical data: preparation of the sample container, sampling, sample preservation, and analysis. In fact these four basic steps comprise the analytical method and for this reason no step should be overlooked. Although the significance of preservation is dependent upon the time between sampling and the analysis, unless the analysis is accomplished within 2 h after sampling, preservation is preferred and usually required.

1.1 These practices cover the various means of (1) preparing sample containers used for collection of waters to be analyzed for organic constituents and (2) preservation of such samples from the time of sample collection until the time of analysis.

1.2 The sample preservation practice is dependent upon the specific analysis to be conducted. See Section 9 for preservation practices listed with the corresponding applicable general and specific constituent test method. The preservation method for waterborne oils is given in Practice D 3325. Use of the information given herein will make it possible to choose the minimum number of sample preservation practices necessary to ensure the integrity of a sample designated for multiple analysis. For further considerations of sample preservation, see the Manual on Water.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.7, 6.24, and 8.1.3.