Реферат

This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel forgings for general use. Materials shall be produced primarily by either electric-furnace, basic oxygen, vacuum-induction (VIM), or open-hearth melting process. The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, using electro slag (ESR) or vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Steel shall be forged by any of these three classes based on forging temperature: cold-worked forging, hot-cold-worked forging, or hot-worked forging. After forging, specimens shall be allowed to cool prior to reheating for heat treatment. Details of heat and product analyses for the evaluation of chemical composition are thoroughly discussed. Tension and hardness tests shall be conducted to evaluate mechanical properties such as percentage of elongation and reduction of area. Repair welding shall not be allowed unless permitted by the product specification.

Область применения

1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:

ASTM
DesignationTitle A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators A289/A289MAlloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for Generators A290/A290MCarbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction Gears A291/A291MSteel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears A336/A336MAlloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts A372/A372MCarbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels A427/A427MWrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction A469/A469MVacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator Rotors A470/A470MVacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts A471/A471MVacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels A504/A504MWrought Carbon Steel Wheels A508/A508MQuenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels A521/A521MSteel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for General Industrial Use A541/A541MQuenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A579/A579MSuperstrength Alloy Steel Forgings A592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels A646/A646MPremium Quality Alloy Steel Blooms and Billets for Aircraft and Aerospace Forgings A649/A649MForged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery A668/A668MSteel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use A711/A711MSteel Forging Stock A723/A723MAlloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component Application A729/A729MAlloy Steel Axles, Heat Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service A765/A765MCarbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness Requirements A768/A768M Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts A837/A837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applications A859/A859MAge-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A891/A891M Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels A909/A909MSteel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial Use A940/A940MVacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differentially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors A965/A965MSteel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts A982/A982MSteel Forgings, Stainless, for Compressor and Turbine Airfoils A983/A983MSpecification for Continous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed Diesel Engines A986/A986MMagnetic Particle Examination of Continuous Grain Flow Crankshaft Forgings A1021/A1021MMartensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service A1048/A1048MPressure Vessel Forgings, Alloy Steel, Higher Strength Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten for Elevated Temperature Service A1049/A1049MStainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related Components

1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of this specification.

1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see 4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of either this specification or of the individual product specifications. The acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be included in the order.

1.4 If, by agreement, forgings are to be supplied in a partially completed condition, that is, all of the provisions of the product specification have not been filled, then the material marking (see Section 17) and certification (see Section 16) shall reflect the extent to which the product specification requirements have been met.

1.5 As noted in the Certification Section (16), the number and year date of this specification, as well as that of the product specification, are required to be included in the product certification.

1.6 When the SI version of a product specification is required by the purchase order, Specification A788/A788M shall be used in conjunction with Test Methods A1058 instead of Test Methods and Definitions A370.

1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.