Область применения

1.1 This engine oil test method covers the evaluation of automotive engine oils (SAE grades 5W 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and multiviscosity grades) intended for use in either spark-ignition gasoline engines, or in diesel engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbureted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR) Oil Test Engine (referred to as the L-38 engine in this test method). An oil is evaluated for protection against engine and oil deterioration under high-temperature, heavy-duty service conditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the viscosity stability of multiviscosity-graded oils.

1.2 The two measures of engine deterioration used in this test method are (1) weight loss of copper-lead bearings used in the test power section, and (2) varnish and sludge deposits on power section parts.

1.3 The two measures of oil deterioration used in this test method are (1) the change in the acid number of the oil, and (2) the change in the viscosity of the oil during the test period.

1.4 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. Furthermore, the results obtained in this test method are not necessarily indicative of results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engine operated under conditions different from those of the test method. The test can be used to compare one oil with another.

Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements include the following current versions of single-cylinder and multicylinder engine tests:
ASTM STP 509A, Single Cylinder Engine Tests for Evaluating the Performance of Crankcase Lubricants Part I, Caterpillar 1G2 Test Method
Part II, Caterpillar 1H2 Test Method
ASTM STP 315H, Multicylinder Test Sequences for Evaluating Engine Oils
Part 1, Sequence IID
Part 2, Sequence IIID
Part 3, Sequence V-D
ASTM Research Report RR:D02-1225 Sequence IIIE, Multicylinder Test Sequence for Evaluating Automotive Engine Oils
ASTM D02 Proposal P212, Proposed Test Method for VE Test Procedure
Also, see Engine Oil Tests—SAE J304 for details on these and other engine oil test methods.

1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard; except for the case of bearing weight measurements, for which the unit is milligram; and except for viscosity measurements, for which the temperatures of measurement are expressed in C (degrees Celsius). SI values are given in parentheses. In cases where materials, products, or equipment are available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.7 This test method is arranged as follows:

SectionIntroductionScope1Referenced Documents2Terminology3Summary of Test Method4Significance and Use5Apparatus6Test Engineering, Inc.6.1Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items6.2Instruments and Controls6.3Procurement of Parts6.4Reagents and Materials7Test Oil Sample Requirements8Preparation of Apparatus9Test Stand Preparation9.1Conditioning Test Run on Power Section9.2General Power Section Rebuild Instructions9.3Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test9.4Calibration10Power Section and Test Stand Calibration10.1Instrumentation Calibration10.2Engine Operating Procedure11Run-In and Flush11.1Intermediate Bearing Weight Loss Checks11.2Test Operating Conditions11.3Warm-up Schedule11.4Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance11.5Rocker Cover Air, Off-gas, and Blowby Measurement11.6Shut-down and Oil-Drain Procedure11.7Oil Sampling and Oil Addition11.8Oil Consumption Computation11.9Periodic Measurements11.10Determination of Test Results12Report13Precision and Bias14Use of ASTM Rounding15Keywords16AnnexesSpecification for Soltrol 10^{7, 8} Annex A1Measurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance and Journal TaperAnnex A2Measurement of Main Bearing ClearanceAnnex A3The ASTM Test Monitoring Center Calibration ProgramAnnex A4Data Log SheetsAnnex A5Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve ClearanceAnnex A6Control Chart Technique for a Laboratory's Severity Adjustment (SA)Annex A7Recommended New Liner Honing ProcedureAnnex A8L-38 Oil Priming ProcedureAnnex A9Alternative Crankcase Breather ConfigurationsAnnex A10Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning ProcedureAnnex A11L-38 Electronic Ignition Conversion ProcedureAnnex A12System Response ProcedureAnnex A13Air-Fuel Ratio MeasurementAnnex A14 L-38 Engine Evaluation Report FormsAnnex A15Data DictionaryAnnex A16Stripped Viscosity Measurement ProcedureAnnex A17Role of the ASTM Test Monitoring Center and the Calibration ProgramAppendix X1Suggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing JournalsAppendix X2