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1.1 This guide covers dynamic testing of vulcanized rubber and rubber-like (both hereinafter termed "rubber" or "elastomeric") materials and products, leading from the definitions of terms used, through the basic mathematics and symbols, to the measurement of stiffness and damping, and finally through the use of specimen geometry and flexing method, to the measurement of dynamic modulus.

1.2 This guide describes a variety of vibratory methods for determining dynamic properties, presenting them as options, not as requirements. The methods involve free resonant vibration, and forced resonant and nonresonant vibration. In the latter two cases the input is assumed to be sinusoidal.

1.3 While the methods are primarily for the measurement of modulus, a material property, they may in many cases be applied to measurements of the properties of full-scale products.

1.4 The methods described are primarily useful over the range of temperatures from -70^oC to +200^oC (-100^oF to +400^oF) and for frequencies from 0.01 to 100 Hz. Not all instruments and methods will accommodate the entire ranges.

1.5 When employed for the measurement of dynamic modulus, the methods are intended for materials having complex moduli in the range from 100 to 100 000 kPa (15 to 15 000 psi) and damping angles from 0 to 90 degrees. Not all instruments and methods will accommodate the entire ranges.

1.6 Both translational and rotational methods are described. To simplify generic descriptions, the terminology of translation is used. The subject matter applies equally to the rotational mode, substituting "torque" and "angular deflection" for "force" and "displacement."

1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.8 This guide is divided into sections, some of which include:

SectionTerminology and Symbols3Factors Influencing Dynamic Measurement7Test Methods and Specimens8Nonresonant Analysis Methods and Their Influence on Results9Report 10Mechanical and Instrumentation Factors Influencing Dynamic MeasurementAnnex A1Guide to Further ReadingAppendix X1Double-Shear Specimens-Derivation of Equations and Descriptions of SpecimensAppendix X2Torsion Specimens-Derivation of Equations and Descriptions of SpecimensAppendix X3Compression/Tension Specimens-Derivation of Equations and Descriptions of SpecimensAppendix X4Free Resonant Vibration-Equations for Log Decrement and StiffnessAppendix X5Obtaining Loss Factor and Elastic Stiffness from Transmissibility CurvesAppendix X6

1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.