4.1 This practice provides a standardized terminology and a review of some basic concepts for elementary sampling and testing. These operations are important for: (1) local or intralaboratory testing that generally applies to internal quality control, process capability or performance evaluation, as well as development programs, and (2) global or interlaboratory testing that applies to producer-user and other testing programs that have industry-wide or worldwide scope. It is recognized that certain test methods may require more detailed and specialized sampling operations than the generic ones as described herein. These specialized sampling procedures should utilize, as far as possible, the basic concepts as given in this practice.

4.2 This practice provides a list of terms and concepts that may be used in numerous test methods used by Committees D11 and D24. It improves communication among those that conduct testing in the rubber and carbon black manufacturing industries and those that use such testing and test results for technical decisions.

1.1 This practice covers a standardized terminology and some basic concepts for testing and sampling across the broad range of chemical and physical testing operations characteristic of the rubber and carbon black manufacturing industries.

1.2 In addition to the basic concepts and terminology, a model for the test measurement process is given in Annex A1. This serves as a mathematical foundation for the terms and other testing concepts. It may also find use for further development of this practice to address more complex sampling operations.

1.3 This general topic requires a comprehensive treatment with a sequential or hierarchical development of terms with substantial background discussion. A number of ancillary terms are also given that make for a more self-contained document. This cannot be accommodated in Terminology D1566.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.