4.1 For optimum performance, GCLs must be installed in a manner that does not impact their physical, mechanical, or hydraulic properties.

4.2 This guide identifies the proper installation procedures and equipment for use by GCL designers, inspectors, and installers.

1.1 This guide covers directions for the installation of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) under field conditions typically present in environmental lining applications.

1.2 This guide contains general installation guidelines. It is not intended to replace project-specific installation requirements as found in the contract drawings or specifications. In the event of a conflict, the requirement of the project specifications will supersede the requirements of this guide.

1.3 This guide does not purport to establish specific procedure for all climatic, geographical, hydraulic, or topographical conditions that may exist at a site. Appropriate installation procedures under atypical field conditions should be modified as necessary to maintain the integrity of the GCL and adjacent lining system components.

1.4 Different GCLs have different materials of construction with different physical properties. The procedures contained in this guide, therefore, may not be universally applicable to all GCLs under all field conditions.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.