This is the first ASTM standard test method for assessing the mass quantity of particulates in middle distillate fuels. Test Method D 5452 and its predecessor Test Method D 2276 were developed for aviation fuels and used 1 gal or 5 L of fuel sample. Using 1 gal of a middle distillate fuel, which can contain greater particulate levels, often required excessive time to complete the filtration. This test method used about a quarter of the volume used in the aviation fuel methods.

The mass of particulates present in a fuel is a significant factor, along with the size and nature of the individual particles, in the rapidity with which fuel system filters and other small orifices in fuel systems can become plugged. This test method provides a means of assessing the mass of particulates present in a fuel sample.

The test method can be used in specifications and purchase documents as a means of controlling particulate contamination levels in the fuels purchased. Maximum particulate levels are specified in several military fuel specifications.

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mass of particulate contamination in a middle distillate fuel by filtration. This test method is suitable for all No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D 396, D 975, D 2880 and D 3699 and for grades DMA and DMB in Specification D 2069.

1.2 This test method is not suitable for fuels whose flash point as determined by Test Methods D 56, D 93 or D 3828 is less than 38°C.

Note 1—Middle distillate fuels with flash points less than 38°C have been ignited by discharges of static electricity when the fuels have been filtered through inadequately bonded or grounded membrane filter systems. See Test Methods D 2276 and D 5452 for means of determining particulate contamination in Specification D 1655 aviation turbine fuels and other similar aviation fuels. See Guide D 4865 for a more detailed discussion of static electricity formation and discharge.

1.3 The precision of this test method is applicable to particulate contaminant levels between 0 to 25 g/m³ provided that 1 L samples are used and the 1 L is filtered completely. Higher levels of particulate contaminant can be measured, but are subject to uncertain precision.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.