5.1 The test method is designed to relate to high-speed, supercharged diesel engine operation and, in particular, to the deposit control characteristics and antiwear properties of diesel crankcase lubricating oils.

5.2 The test method is useful for the evaluation of diesel engine oil quality and crankcase oil specification acceptance. This test method, along with others, defines the minimum performance level of the API categories CF and CF-2 (detailed information about passing limits for these categories is included in Specification D4485). It is also used in MIL-PRF-2104.

5.3 The results are significant only when all details of the procedure are followed. The basic engine used in this test method has a precombustion chamber (as compared to direct injection) and is most useful in predicting performance of engines similarly equipped. This factor should be considered when extrapolating test results. It has been found useful in predicting results with high sulfur fuels (that is, greater than 0.5 % by mass) and with certain preemission controlled engines. It has also been found useful when correlated with deposit control in two-stroke cycle diesel engines.

1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).

Note 1: Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.

1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are provided for information only.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Scope

1

Reference Documents

2

Terminology

3

Summary of Test Method

4

Significance and Use

5

Apparatus

6

Test Engine

6.1

Engine Accessories

6.2 – 6.14

Engine Oil System

6.15

Cooling System

6.16

Fuel System

6.17

Intake Air System

6.18

Exhaust System

6.19

Blowby Meter

6.20

Thermocouples

6.21

Parts

6.22

Instrumentation

6.23

Crankcase Paint

6.24

Reagents and Materials

7

Fuel

7.1

Test Oil

7.2

Engine Coolant

7.3

Cleaning Materials

7.4

Safety

8

Preparation of Apparatus

9

Supplementary Service Information

9.1

General Engine Inspection

9.2

Intake Air System

9.3

Cooling System

9.4

Engine Cooling System Cleaning

9.5

Instrumentation Calibration Requirements

9.6

Engine Crankcase Cleaning

9.7

Additional Oil Filter

9.8

Flushing Procedure Components

9.9

Flushing Procedures

9.10

Piston Cleaning Preparation

9.11

Cylinder Head

9.12

Fuel Nozzle

9.13

Measurement

9.14

Procedure

10

Engine Break-in

10.1

Pre-Test Preparations

10.2

Warm-up Procedure

10.3

Operating Conditions

10.4

Periodic Measurements

10.5

Engine Oil Level

10.6

Oil Addition Procedure

10.7

Cool-Down Procedure

10.8

Shutdowns

10.9

Fuel System

10.10

Brake Specific Oil Consumption (BSOC) Calculation

10.11

Inspection

11

Preparation

11.1

Inspection

11.2

Rater Training

11.3

Referee Ratings

11.4

Calibration of Test Method

12

Requirements

12.1

Reference Oils

12.2

Test Numbering

12.3

Definition of a Test

12.4

New Laboratories and New Test Stands

12.5

Frequency of Calibration Tests

12.6

Specified Test Parameters

12.10

Acceptance of Calibration Tests

12.11

Failing Reference Oil Calibration Tests

12.12

Non-Standard Tests

12.13

Severity Adjustments and Control Charting

12.14

Test Reporting

12.15

Reporting Reference Results

12.16

Analysis of Reference Oils

12.17

Precision and Bias

13

Precision

13.1

Bias

13.2

Keywords

14

ANNEXES

Figures and Schematics

Annex A1

Report Forms

Annex A2

Test Fuel Information

Annex A3

APPENDIXES

Humidity Correction Factors

Appendix X1

Report Form Examples

Appendix X2

1M-PC Multiple Testing

Appendix X3

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.