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1.1 These test methods cover the performance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed in a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.4 % fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % fuel sulfur) procedure. The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oil consumption are measured. Also, the piston, the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility. These test methods are required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, and CG-4 for 1N of Specification D 4485.

1.2 These test methods, although based on the original Caterpillar 1K/1N procedures, also embody TMC information letters issued before these test methods were first published. These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the next revision of these test methods, TMC will update changes in these test methods by the issuance of information letters which shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A16).

1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. When inch-pound units are standard, the SI units are shown in parenthesis. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents. Because of this, combining values from the two systems may be incompatible. Therefore, use either system independently of the other.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given within the text. Being engine tests, these test methods do have definite hazards which shall be met by safe practices (see Annex A17 on Safety).

1.4 The following is the Table of Contents:

SectionIntroductionScope1Referenced documents2Terminology3Summary of Test Methods4Significance and Use5Apparatus6General Laboratory Requirements6.1Test Engine6.2Test Engine Accessories and Parts6.3Reagents and Materials7Test Oil Sample Requirements8Preparation of Apparatus 9Engine Inspection9.1Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flush9.2Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections9.3Engine Assembly9.4Pressure Testing of Fuel System Assembly9.5Calibration of Engine Test Stand10General Requirements and Frequency of Calibration10.1Runs10.2>Specified Test Parameters10.3Calibration Test Acceptance Criteria10.4Action on Rejection of Calibration Test10.5Test Numbering10.6Reference Oils10.7Severity Adjustments10.8Engine Operating Procedure11Engine Run-In11.1Cool-Down Procedure11.2Warm-Up Procedure11.3Operating Conditions and Oil Additions11.4Measurement of Oil Consumption11.5Sampling Used Oil11.6Shutdowns, Lost Time and Off Tolerance Conditions11.7Recording of Exhaust Temperature11.8Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement11.9>Recording of Engine Conditions11.10Humidity Requirements/Calibration/Measurement11.11Inspections, Photographs and Measurements12Reference to Reporting Form12.1Pre-Test Measurements of Engine Parts12.2Post-Test Information12.3Oil Inspections12.4Oil Consumption12.5Unscheduled Shutdowns and Off-Limit Operation12.6Report13General Directions13.1Specific Directions13.2Electronic Transmission of Test Results (Optional)13.3Reporting Calibration Test Results13.4Precision and Bias14Keywords15ANNEXESSpecifications for Test Engine and Engine BuildAnnex A1Intake Air System DetailsAnnex A2Exhaust System DetailsAnnex A3Cooling System DetailsAnnex A4Oil System Modifications and Instrument LocationsAnnex A5Other Pressure and Temperature Measurement LocationsAnnex A6Oil Consumption Linear Regression MethodAnnex A7Test Fuel SpecificationsAnnex A8Lubrication System, Flush Apparatus and ProcedureAnnex A9Engine Operating ConditionsAnnex A10Procedure for Rating Piston and LinerAnnex A11Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent DeviationAnnex A121K/1N Test Reporting - Report FormsAnnex A13Data DictionaryAnnex A14Parts List by Part Number (P/N) and WarrantyAnnex A15Role of Test Monitoring CenterAnnex A16Safety PrecautionsAnnex A17APPENDIXESHumidity DataAppendix X1Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard DeviationAppendix X2Examples of Forms for ReportingAppendix X3Optional Recording of Oil Pass LimitsAppendix X4