Значение и использование

This test method was developed to assess the performance of an engine oil to control engine wear and deposits under heavy-duty operating conditions selected to accelerate soot generation, valve train wear, and deposit formation in a turbocharged, aftercooled four-stroke-cycle diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.

This test method may be used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of this test method are in compliance. Applicable engine oil service categories are included in Specification D 4485.

The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolating test results.

Область применения

1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty diesel engine test procedure conducted under high soot conditions to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve train wear, top ring wear, sludge deposits, and oil filter plugging in an EGR environment. This test method is commonly referred to as the Cummins ISM Test.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.2.1 Exception—The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing sizes.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.

1.4 Table of Contents:

Section Scope1 Referenced Documents2 Terminology3 Summary of Test Method4 Significance and Use5 Apparatus6 Test Engine Configuration6.1 Test Engine6.1.1 Oil Heat Exchanger, Adapter Blocks, Block Off Plate6.1.2 Oil Filter Head Modification6.1.3 Oil Pan Modification6.1.4 Engine Control Module (ECM)6.1.5 Engine Position Sensor6.1.6 Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor6.1.7 Barometric Pressure Sensor6.1.8 Turbocharger Controller6.1.9 Power Supply Voltage6.1.10 Air Compressor and Fuel Pump6.1.11 Engine Block Preparation6.1.12 Test Stand Configuration6.2 Engine Mounting6.2.1 Intake Air System6.2.2 Aftercooler6.2.3 Exhaust System6.2.4 Exhaust Gas Recirculation System6.2.5 Fuel System6.2.6 Coolant System6.2.7 Pressurized Oil Fill System6.2.8 External Oil System6.2.9 Crankcase Aspiration6.2.10 Blowby Rate6.2.11 System Time Responses6.3 Oil Sample Containers6.4 Mass Balance6.5 Engine and Cleaning Fluids7 Test Oil7.1 Test Fuel7.2 Engine Coolant7.3 Pentane7.4 Solvent7.5 Preparation of Apparatus8 Cleaning of Parts8.1 General8.1.1 Engine Block8.1.2 Cylinder Head8.1.3 Rocker Cover and Oil Pan8.1.4 External Oil System8.1.5 Crosshead Cleaning and Measurement8.1.6 Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement8.1.7 Ring Cleaning and Measurement8.1.8 Injector Adjusting Screw Cleaning and Measurement8.1.9 Engine Assembly8.2 General8.2.1 Parts Reuse and Replacement8.2.2 Build-Up Oil8.2.3 Coolant Thermostat8.2.4 Oil Thermostat8.2.5 Fuel Injectors8.2.6 New Parts8.2.7 Operational Measurements8.3 Units and Formats8.3.1 Instrumentation Calibration8.3.2 Temperatures8.3.3 Pressures8.3.4 Flow Rates8.3.5 Intake and Exhaust CO₂ Measurement8.3.6 Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests9 General9.1 New Test Stand9.2 New Test Stand Calibration9.2.1 Stand Calibration Period9.3 Stand Modification and Calibration Status9.4 Test Numbering System9.5 General9.5.1 Reference Oil Tests9.5.2 Non-Reference Oil Tests9.5.3 Reference Oil Test Acceptance9.6 Reference Oil Accountability9.7 Last Start Date9.8 Donated Reference Oil Test Programs9.9 Adjustments to Reference Oil Calibration Periods9.10 Procedural Deviations9.10.1 Parts and Fuel Shortages9.10.2 Reference Oil Test Data Flow9.10.3 Special Use of the Reference Oil Calibration System9.10.4 Test Procedure10 Engine Installation and Stand Connections10.1 Coolant System Fill10.2 Oil Fill for Break-in10.3 Engine Build Committed10.3.3 Fuel Samples10.4 Engine Warm-up10.5 Shutdown During Warm-up10.5.1 Engine Break-in10.6 Shutdown and Maintenance10.7 Normal Shutdown10.7.1 Emergency Shutdown10.7.2 Maintenance10.7.3 Downtime10.7.4 200-h Test Procedure10.8 Oil Fill for Test10.8.2 Operating Conditions10.8.4 Injection Timing Change10.8.5 Mass % Soot Validity10.8.6 Test Timer10.8.7 Operational Data Acquisition10.8.8 Oil Sampling10.8.9 Oil Addition10.8.10 End of Test (EOT)10.9 Engine Disassembly10.9.3 Calculations, Ratings and Test Validity11 Crosshead Mass Loss11.1 Crosshead Mass Loss Correction Factor11.1.8 Injector Adjusting Screw Mass Loss11.2 Injector Adjusting Screw Correction Factor11.2.5 Ring Mass Loss11.3 Sludge Ratings11.4 Oil Filter Plugging11.5 Oil Analyses11.6 Oil Consumption11.7 Fuel Analyses11.8 Additional Analysis11.8.1 Assessment of Operational Validity11.9 Assessment of Test Interpretability11.10 Test Report12 Report Forms12.1 Reference Oil Test12.2 Electronic transmission of Test Results12.2.1 Precision and Bias14 Precision14.1 Intermediate Precision Conditions14.1.1 Reproducibility Conditions14.1.2 Bias14.2 Keywords15 Annexes Safety PrecautionsAnnex A1 Intake Air AftercoolerAnnex A2 Engine Build Parts KitAnnex A3 Sensor Locations, Special Hardware, and Engine Block ModificationsAnnex A4 External Oil SystemAnnex A5 Fuel SpecificationAnnex A6 Cummins Service PublicationsAnnex A7 Specified Units and FormatsAnnex A8 Report Forms and Data DictionaryAnnex A9 Sludge Rating WorksheetsAnnex A10 Oil AnalysesAnnex A11 Determination of Operational ValidityAnnex A12 Exhaust CO₂ Sampling ProbeAnnex A13 ISM Merit Rating CalculationAnnex A14 Appendix Typical System ConfigurationsAppendix X1