5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of an engine oil to control engine wear and deposits under heavy-duty operating conditions selected to accelerate soot generation, valve train wear, and deposit formation in a turbocharged, aftercooled four-stroke-cycle diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.
5.2 This test method can be used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of this test method are in compliance. Applicable engine oil service categories are included in Specification D4485.
5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolating test results.
Область применения1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty diesel engine test procedure conducted under high soot conditions to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve train wear, top ring wear, sludge deposits, and oil filter plugging in an EGR environment. This test method is commonly referred to as the Cummins ISM Test.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing sizes, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.
1.4 Table of Contents:
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Test Engine Configuration
6.1
Test Engine
6.1.1
Oil Heat Exchanger, Adapter Blocks, Block Off Plate
6.1.2
Oil Filter Head Modification
6.1.3
Oil Pan Modification
6.1.4
Engine Control Module (ECM)
6.1.5
Engine Position Sensor
6.1.6
Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor
6.1.7
Barometric Pressure Sensor
6.1.8
Turbocharger Controller
6.1.9
Power Supply Voltage
6.1.10
Air Compressor and Fuel Pump
6.1.11
Engine Block Preparation
6.1.12
Test Stand Configuration
6.2
Engine Mounting
6.2.1
Intake Air System
6.2.2
Aftercooler
6.2.3
Exhaust System
6.2.4
Exhaust Gas Recirculation System
6.2.5
Fuel System
6.2.6
Coolant System
6.2.7
Pressurized Oil Fill System
6.2.8
External Oil System
6.2.9
Crankcase Aspiration
6.2.10
Blowby Rate
6.2.11
System Time Responses
6.3
Oil Sample Containers
6.4
Mass Balance
6.5
Engine and Cleaning Fluids
7
Test Oil
7.1
Test Fuel
7.2
Engine Coolant
7.3
Pentane
7.4
Solvent
7.5
Preparation of Apparatus
8
Cleaning of Parts
8.1
General
8.1.1
Engine Block
8.1.2
Cylinder Head
8.1.3
Rocker Cover and Oil Pan
8.1.4
External Oil System
8.1.5
Crosshead Cleaning and Measurement
8.1.6
Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement
8.1.7
Ring Cleaning and Measurement
8.1.8
Injector Adjusting Screw Cleaning and Measurement
8.1.9
Engine Assembly
8.2
General
8.2.1
Parts Reuse and Replacement
8.2.2
Build-Up Oil
8.2.3
Coolant Thermostat
8.2.4
Oil Thermostat
8.2.5
Fuel Injectors
8.2.6
New Parts
8.2.7
Operational Measurements
8.3
Units and Formats
8.3.1
Instrumentation Calibration
8.3.2
Temperatures
8.3.3
Pressures
8.3.4
Flow Rates
8.3.5
Intake and Exhaust CO2 Measurement
8.3.6
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests
9
General
9.1
New Test Stand
9.2
New Test Stand Calibration
9.2.1
Stand Calibration Period
9.3
Stand Modification and Calibration Status
9.4
Test Numbering System
9.5
General
9.5.1
Reference Oil Tests
9.5.2
Non-Reference Oil Tests
9.5.3
Reference Oil Test Acceptance
9.6
Reference Oil Accountability
9.7
Last Start Date
9.8
Donated Reference Oil Test Programs
9.9
Adjustments to Reference Oil Calibration Periods
9.10
Procedural Deviations
9.10.1
Parts and Fuel Shortages
9.10.2
Reference Oil Test Data Flow
9.10.3
Special Use of the Reference Oil Calibration System
9.10.4
Test Procedure
10
Engine Installation and Stand Connections
10.1
Coolant System Fill
10.2
Oil Fill for Break-in
10.3
Engine Build Committed
10.3.3
Fuel Samples
10.4
Engine Warm-up
10.5
Shutdown During Warm-up
10.5.1
Engine Break-in
10.6
Shutdown and Maintenance
10.7
Normal Shutdown
10.7.1
Emergency Shutdown
10.7.2
Maintenance
10.7.3
Downtime
10.7.4
200-h Test Procedure
10.8
Oil Fill for Test
10.8.2
Operating Conditions
10.8.4
Injection Timing Change
10.8.5
Mass % Soot Validity
10.8.6
Test Timer
10.8.7
Operational Data Acquisition
10.8.8
Oil Sampling
10.8.9
Oil Addition
10.8.10
End of Test (EOT)
10.9
Engine Disassembly
10.9.3
Calculations, Ratings and Test Validity
11
Crosshead Mass Loss
11.1
Crosshead Mass Loss Correction Factor
11.1.7.1
Injector Adjusting Screw Mass Loss
11.2
Injector Adjusting Screw Correction Factor
11.2.5
Ring Mass Loss
11.3
Sludge Ratings
11.4
Oil Filter Plugging
11.5
Oil Analyses
11.6
Oil Consumption
11.7
Fuel Analyses
11.8
Additional Analysis
11.8.1
Assessment of Operational Validity
11.9
Assessment of Test Interpretability
11.10
Test Report
12
Report Forms
12.1
Reference Oil Test
12.2
Electronic transmission of Test Results
12.2.1
Precision and Bias
13
Precision
13.1
Intermediate Precision Conditions
13.1.1
Reproducibility Conditions
13.1.2
Bias
13.2
Keywords
14
Annexes
Safety Precautions
Annex A1
Intake Air Aftercooler
Annex A2
Engine Build Parts Kit
Annex A3
Sensor Locations, Special Hardware, and Engine Block Modifications
Annex A4
External Oil System
Annex A5
Cummins Service Publications
Annex A6
Specified Units and Formats
Annex A7
Report Forms and Data Dictionary
Annex A8
Sludge Rating Worksheets
Annex A9
Oil Analyses
Annex A10
Determination of Operational Validity
Annex A11
Exhaust CO2 Sampling Probe
Annex A12
ISM Merit Rating Calculation
Annex A13
Appendix
Typical System Configurations
Appendix X1
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.