Значение и использование

The primary use of this guide is to provide a standardized approach for the data file to be used for the transfer of digital radiological data from one user to another where the two users are working with dissimilar systems. This guide describes the contents, both required and optional for an intermediate data file that can be created from the native format of the radiological system on which the data was collected and that can be converted into the native format of the receiving radiological data analysis system. The development of translator software to accomplish these data format conversions is being addressed under a separate effort; this will include specific items needed for the data transfer, for example, language used, memory requirements, and intermediate specification. This guide will also be useful in the archival storage and retrieval of radiological data as either a data format specifier or as a guide to the data elements which should be included in the archival file.

TABLE 1 Field Listing

Field Number^AField Name and DescriptionCategory Sets, Values and Units^B Header Information: 1^C,DIntermediate file nameAlphanumeric string 2^C,DFormat revision codeAlphanumeric string 3^C,DFormat revision dateyy/mm/dd 4^C,DSource file nameAlphanumeric string 5Examination file description notesAlphanumeric string 6^C,DExamining company/locationAlphanumeric string 7^C,DExamination dateyy/mm/dd 8Examination timehh/mm/ss 9^C,DType of examinationAlphanumeric string 10Other examinations performedAlphanumeric string 11^C,DOperator nameAlphanumeric string 12^C,DOperator identification codeAlphanumeric string 13^C,DASTM, ISO or other applicable standard specificationAlphanumeric string 14Date of applicable standardyy/mm/dd 15^C,DAcceptance criteriaAlphanumeric string 16NotesAlphanumeric string Examination System Description: 17Examination system manufacturer(s)Alphanumeric string 18Examination system modelAlphanumeric string 19Examination system serial numberAlphanumeric string Source Section: 20^C,DRadiologic source manufacturerAlphanumeric string 21^C,DRadiological source modelAlphanumeric string 22General source descriptionAlphanumeric string 23Last calibration dateAlphanumeric string 24Notes on source sectionAlphanumeric string Image Receptor Section: 25^C,DReceptor typeAlphanumeric string 26^C,DConvertor typeAlphanumeric string 27Receptor manufacturerAlphanumeric string 28Receptor model numberAlphanumeric string 29^C,DNotes on receptor sectionAlphanumeric string Exposure Section: 30^C,DPeak radiation energy used, orkV 31^C,DIsotope source (use either 30 or 31)Alphanumeric string 32Tube currentmA 33Radiation dosage ratemR/min 34Radiation exposure timemin 35^CSource-detector distance (SDD)m 36^CSource-object distance (SOD)m 37^CImage magnification of source side of examination object% 38^DNotes on exposure sectionAlphanumeric string Processing Section (Film/Paper): 39^EProcess descriptionAutomated or manual 40^EProcess methodWet or dry 41Processor typeAlphanumeric string 42Processor model numberAlphanumeric string 43Notes on processor sectionAlphanumeric string Image Processing Description: 44^C,DImage processing used for image dataAlphanumeric string 45Image processor hardware manufacturerAlphanumeric string 46Image processor hardware modelAlphanumeric string 47Image processor software sourceAlphanumeric string 48Image processor software versionAlphanumeric string 49^DPixel resolutionPixels per cm 50Notes on image processorAlphanumeric string Examination Sample or Part Description: 51^CSample or part nameAlphanumeric string 52Sample or part name descriptionAlphanumeric string 53^CSample or part identification codeAlphanumeric string 54^CSample or part materialAlphanumeric string 55Notes on sample or partAlphanumeric string 56^CNumber of image segments for sampleInteger number 57^CReference standard identificationAlphanumeric string 58Reference standard descriptionAlphanumeric string 59^CReference standard file nameAlphanumeric string 60Reference standard file locationAlphanumeric string Coordinate System and Scan Description: 61^FMachine coordinate system scan axisAlphanumeric string 62^FMachine coordinate system index axisAlphanumeric string 63^FMachine coordinate system z-axisAlphanumeric string 64^FPart coordinate system x-axisAlphanumeric string 65^FPart coordinate system y-axisAlphanumeric string 66^FPart coordinate system z-axisAlphanumeric string 67Number of object target pointsInteger number 68Object target point numberInteger number 69Object target point descriptionAlphanumeric string 70Object target point x-axisAlphanumeric string 71Object target point y-axisAlphanumeric string 72Object target point z-axisAlphanumeric string 73Description of data plane projectionAlphanumeric string 74Notes on coordinate systemAlphanumeric string Measurement Parameters: 75^CMinimum value of dataInteger 76^CMaximum value of dataInteger 77^CDynamic range resolutionNumber of bits 78^C,DData scaleLinear, logarithmic, define scale 79^ERelationship between film optical density and digital valueMathematical relationship between film density and digital value; range of
density covered (0–4, 0.5–4.5, etc.) 80^C,DDynamic range implementedDetected exposure range covered by gray scale of each pixel in image
data file. Expressed as decades of
exposure latitude (1.6, 2, 4, etc.)
Industrial film/screen/chemistry
systems are typically 2 81^CPhysical spacing of the digitization interval at the image receptorScans/mm (100 μm, 80 μm, 50 μm, 25
μm, etc.) 82^CData recording formatAlphanumeric string Examination Results: 83Discontinuity locationAlphanumeric string 84Discontinuity descriptionAlphanumeric string 85DispositionAccept, reject or repair 86Notes on examination resultsAlphanumeric string 87Image segment numberInteger number 88Image segment descriptionAlphanumeric string 89Image segment locationAlphanumeric string 90Image segment orientationAlphanumeric string 91AnnotationAlphanumeric string 92Notes on the data (including notes on compression)Alphanumeric string 93Total number of data pointsInteger number 94Actual stream of radiologic dataReal number

^A Field numbers are for reference only. They do not imply a necessity to include all these fields in any specific database nor imply a requirement that fields used be in this particular order.

^B Units listed first are SI; those in parentheses are inch-pound (English).

^C Denotes essential field for computerization of examination results, regardless of examination method.

^D Denotes essential field for radiographic examination.

^E Denotes essential field for radiographic examination.

^F Denotes essential field for radioscopic examination.

Although the recommended field listing includes more than 90 field numbers, only about half of those are regarded as essential and are marked Footnote C in Table 1. Fields so marked must be included in the data base. The other fields recommended provide additional information that a user will find helpful in understanding the radiological image and examination result. These header field items will, in most cases, make up only a very small part of a radiological examination file. The actual stream of radiological data that make up the image will take up the largest part of the data base. Since a radiological image file will normally be large, the concept of data compression will be considered in many cases. Compressed data should be noted, along with a description of the compression method, as indicated in Field No. 92 (see Table 1).

This guide provides a data file for a single image. It is recognized that a complete examination record may contain several files for the same examination method in different areas, with or without image processing, for different examination methods, and for variations within a single method (for example, different x-ray energies). This file will permit the examination of a single image and will include information about the existence of other images and records for the examined object. This single image may be one created by overlaying or processing results from multiple examination approaches, for example, data fusion. For such images, the notes sections must clearly state how the image for this file was created.

Область применения

1.1 This guide provides a listing and description of the fields that are recommended for inclusion in a digital radiological examination data base to facilitate the transfer of such data. This guide sets guidelines for the format of data fields for computerized transfer of digital image files obtained from radiographic, radioscopic, computed radiographic, or other radiological examination systems. The field listing includes those fields regarded as necessary for inclusion in the data base: (1) regardless of the radiological examination method (as indicated by Footnote C in Table 1), (2) for radioscopic examination (as indicated by Footnote E in Table 1), and (3) for radiographic examination (as indicated by Footnote D in Table 1). In addition, other optional fields are listed as a reminder of the types of information that may be useful for additional understanding of the data or applicable to a limited number of applications.

1.2 It is recognized that organizations may have in place an internal format for the storage and retrieval of radiological examination data. This guide should not impede the use of such formats since it is probable that the necessary fields are already included in such internal data bases, or that the few additions can easily be made. The numerical listing and its order indicated in this guide is only for convenience; the specific numbers and their order carry no inherent significance and are not part of the data file.

1.3 The types of radiological examination systems that appear useful in relation to this guide include radioscopic systems as described in Guide E 1000, Practices E 1255, E 1411 and E 2033, and radiographic systems as described in Guide E 94 and Practices E 748 and E 1742. Many of the terms used are defined in Terminology E 1316.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.