4.1 The presence of large grains has been correlated with anomalous mechanical behavior in, for example, crack initiation, crack propagation, and fatigue. Thus there is engineering justification for reporting the ALA grain size.

4.2 These methods shall only be used with the presence of outlier coarse grains, 3 or more ASTM grain size numbers larger than the rest of the microstructure and comprising 5 % or less of the specimen area. A typical example is shown in Annex A1 as Fig. A1.1.

4.3 These methods shall not be used for the determination of average grain size, which is treated in Test Methods E112. Examples of microstructures that do not qualify for ALA treatment are shown in Annex A1 as Fig. A1.2, Fig. A1.3, and Fig. A1.4.

4.4 These methods may be applied in the characterization of duplex grain sizes, as instructed in the procedures for Test Methods E1181.

1.1 These test methods describe simple manual procedures for measuring the size of the largest grain cross-section observed on a metallographically prepared plane section.

1.2 These test methods shall only be valid for microstructures containing outlier coarse grains, where their population is too sparse for grain size determination by Test Methods E112.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.