Absorbed doses of or below 1 kGy can inactivate some parasites, such as the broad fish tapeworm (Dibothrocephalus latus) (2).

Absorbed doses below 10 kGy can reduce or eliminate vegetative cells of pathogenic sporeforming and non-sporeforming microorganisms, such as Clostridia spp., Vibrio spp., Salmonellae, Listeria monocytogenes, or Staphylococcus aureus, that may be present in fresh or frozen product.

4.2.1 Absorbed doses below 10 kGy can reduce the numbers of some spores, but are not adequate to reduce the potential health risk from microbial spores or toxins (3).

Absorbed doses below 10 kGy can reduce or eliminate the vegetative cells of sporeforming and non-sporeforming microorganisms, such as Bacillus or Pseudomonas species, that cause spoilage of fresh product, thus extending refrigerated shelf life in many cases (4).

1.1 This guide outlines procedures and requirements for the irradiation of raw, untreated, fresh (chilled), or frozen finfish or shellfish.

1.2 This guide covers absorbed doses used to reduce the microbial population in shellfish and finfish. Such doses typically are below 10 kGy.

1.3 The use of vacuum packaging with irradiated, raw seafood is not covered by this guide because of the potential for outgrowth of, and toxin production from, Clostridium botulinum spores which can grow in the anaerobic environment created by vacuum packaging.

1.4 This guide does not cover the irradiation of dried fish to control insect infestation.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.